How to Prove I Am a Victim?
While commuting to work on public transport, Imane is confronted by an individual who hurls racial insults and threats at her. She remains shocked but is unsure how to react to this situation. How can she prove her victim status? To have one’s victim status legally recognized, it is necessary to prove the existence of […]
Civil Party Constitution
What is a civil party constitution? Becoming a civil party allows you to become a party to a criminal trial in order to obtain compensation (damages) from the perpetrator of the acts. Example: an association that fights against discrimination can, under certain conditions, become a civil party to support one or several victims and request […]
CFA and Religious Symbols
Sarah wishes to undertake vocational training at an apprenticeship training center (CFA). Her application was accepted, but when she arrives at the reception, she is approached by the director who informs her that she cannot join the training while wearing a headscarf. The director cites the internal regulations which state: ‘in application of the principle […]
Training Centers and Religious Symbols
Sarah wishes to undertake professional training at a training organization. Her application was accepted, but when she arrives at the reception, she is approached by the director who informs her that she cannot join the training while wearing a headscarf. The director cites the internal regulations which include the following statement: ‘in application of the […]
School Cafeteria and Meat Consumption
At the beginning of the school year, we receive many reports concerning the pressure that would be exerted on children to force them to consume meat, sometimes pork, which is served to them in the school cafeteria. The arguments presented to justify this constraint are: Nutritional balance; Taste; Secularism. The parents who contact us are […]
Driving School and Driver’s License
At the driving school or on the day of the driver’s license test, the instructor/examiner asks me to remove my headscarf. Is this allowed? NO Religious freedom can only be restricted, in a proportionate manner, for legitimate reasons such as safety. In this case, wearing a headscarf does not pose a safety risk. The law […]
Airport and Religious Symbols
At the airport, I am asked to remove my headscarf for a security check at the security gate, in the presence of all travelers. Do they have the right to do this? NO Systematic removal when the security gate does not sound an alarm is illegal. The obligation of neutrality applies only to public service […]
Testing
What is testing? Situation testing or discrimination testing, also called testing, is an investigative method aimed at detecting discrimination that dates back to 1939 in France. It consists of comparing the results obtained by two types of candidates who are identical in every way except for one criterion that we want to test (for example, […]
Home Education
Home education (IEF), sometimes called ‘homeschooling’, is an educational option that has long been available to families. The right to education is affirmed by numerous international, constitutional, and legislative texts (thirteenth paragraph of the Preamble to the 1946 Constitution and Article 2 of the Additional Protocol to the European Convention for the Protection of Human […]
Disciplinary Procedure in Public Educational Institutions
Article R.511-13 of the Education Code states that: “I In colleges and high schools under the authority of the Minister of Education, the sanctions that can be imposed on students are as follows: 1° Warning; 2° Reprimand; 3° Accountability measure; 4° Temporary exclusion from class. During the sanction, the student is accommodated in the institution. […]
