Time Limits for Appealing a Judgment Rendered by a Criminal Court
When an initial decision has been rendered by a criminal court, it can, under certain conditions, be challenged. The case is then re-examined and re-judged by a court of appeal. The appeal procedure is thus based on the existence of different levels of jurisdiction. An appeal is possible when the decision specifies that it is […]
Time Limits for Appealing a Judgment Rendered by a Civil Court
When an initial decision has been rendered by a court, it can, under certain conditions, be challenged. The case is then re-examined and re-judged by an appellate court. The appeal procedure is thus based on the existence of different levels of jurisdiction. An appeal is possible when the decision specifies that it is rendered in […]
Time Limits for Appealing a Decision of the Administrative Court
When an initial decision has been rendered by an administrative court, it can, under certain conditions, be contested. The case is then re-examined and re-judged by an administrative court of appeal. The appeal procedure is thus based on the existence of different levels of jurisdiction. An appeal is possible when the decision specifies that it […]
Slanderous Denunciation
What Does the Law Say? Slanderous denunciation constitutes an offense that infringes on personality It is defined by the Criminal Code: “The denunciation, made by any means and directed against a specific person, of a fact that is likely to lead to judicial, administrative or disciplinary sanctions and that one knows to be totally or […]
Defamation
What does the law say? Defamation is governed by the law of July 29, 1881 on press freedom, which penalizes press offenses and applies to all communication media, including the internet. Defamation is the allegation or imputation of a fact that damages the honor or reputation of a person, even if the allegation is made […]
Airport and Religious Symbols
At the airport, I am asked to remove my headscarf for a security check at the security gate, in the presence of all travelers. Do they have the right to do this? NO Systematic removal when the security gate does not sound an alarm is illegal. The obligation of neutrality applies only to public service […]
Direct Discrimination
What is discrimination? The general normative framework for discrimination is set by Article 1 of Law No. 2008-496 of May 27, 2008, on various provisions for adaptation to Community law in the field of anti-discrimination (amended by Law No. 2017-256 of February 28, 2017). The definition is detailed in the Penal Code, in Articles 225-1 […]
Exams and Wearing Religious Symbols
1. I am enrolled in a public middle/high school Wearing signs or clothing through which students conspicuously display a religious affiliation is PROHIBITED (Law of March 15, 2004). 2. I am enrolled in a private middle/high school The law of March 15, 2004 regarding the prohibition of religious symbols does not apply to private middle […]
Professional Internships in a School Setting
Aliyah is enrolled in a public middle school and will have to complete a mandatory internship to discover the working world. She wants to know if she can keep her headscarf. What Does the Law Say? The Law No. 2004-228 of March 15, 2004, applying the principle of secularism, framing the wearing of signs or […]
Full-coverage swimsuit | “Burkini”
Assia is going on vacation to the south of France with her children. Having booked a rental near the beach, she would like to go swimming there with her children but fears that wearing a full-coverage swimsuit might be prohibited. She also wonders if the same applies to the leisure center she will visit afterwards. […]